Faʻafefea ona fauina e Medicaid fualaʻau faʻasaina ma tufatufaina i Amerika
KamupaniTagata Amerika e totogi le averesi pe a ma le $ 1,200 i le tausaga mo talavai — ma o lena fuainumera e faʻailoa mai ai na o le-taga-tau o tau.
O totoe o le faʻailoga o tau o tau e paʻu i fale faigaluega ma kamupani inisiua, e aofia ai polokalame feterale ma setete e pei o Medicaid , lea e aofia ai le sili atu ma le 70 miliona tagata. O nisi e finau mai e tatau i pulega Medicaid feutanaʻi ma tagata gaosi vailaʻau , faʻaaogaina o latou malosiaga faʻatau e tuli ai i lalo tau. I se faaupuga faigofie, Medicaid faʻaaluina i talavai vailaʻau e le gata i finauga ma faigata. Na matou sauni e suʻesuʻe faʻamaumauga i tua atu o le finauga.
Na matou suʻesuʻeina Medicaid's Faʻamatalaga a le malo , o se faʻamaumauga auiliili o faʻafefea Medicaid tagata faʻamanuiaina i le salafa o le atunuʻu faʻatau talavai. O a matou suʻesuʻega e faʻaalia ai poʻo fea setete 'polokalama o loʻo tele le faʻaaluina ma fualaʻau e masani ona faʻaaogaina. Ina ia malamalama lelei i le faʻaaogaina e Amerika o talavai taugata, faitau pea.
Medicaid talavai talavai ma lauiloa
O se numera laʻititi o vailaʻau e maua ai se pasene tele o le Medicaid reimbursement, e aofia ai ma talavai e fesoʻotaʻi ma le togafitia o maʻi masani. I le va o le 2009 ma le 2018, Medicaid aofia ai 212,663,453 talavai mo amoxicillin , o se vailaʻau e faʻaaoga e togafitia ai tulaga e afua mai i le niumonia i ni faʻamaʻi pipisi o le urinary tract. Talavai a Ibuprofen sa tutusa lava taatele, e ui lava o lenei vailaʻau o loʻo avanoa foi i luga o le fata. Hydrocodone, o se vailaʻau faʻaaoga e togafitia ai tiga, na faatonuina 191,159,584 taimi i le vaitaimi suesueina.

Ae i le tau atoa o le toe totogiina o tau, e ui i lea, o le tele o pili a le Medicaid na aumai mai i vailaʻau taugata na fuafuaina e togafitia ai maʻi masani. Truvada, lea e taofiofia ai faʻailoga o le HIV ma puipuia ai le feaveaia o le siama, e $ 5.8 piliona le tau o le Medicaid se tau faʻaoga mo ana oloa). E faʻapena foi, Suboxone tau Medicaid $ 6.7 piliona i le va o 2009 ma 2018, e ui lava o lena aofaʻi totogi mo le itiiti ifo i le 30 miliona talavai. O le vailaʻau, fuafuaina e togafitia faʻalagolago opioid, tumau malosi faʻatonutonuina.
O le pa o le lesitalaina o Medicaid
I tausaga talu mai le pasia o le Affordable Care Act, e 37 setete na filifilia e vaetamaina Medicaid Faʻalauteleina fuafuaga , faʻalauteleina le faʻasalalau i le miliona o Amerika e leʻi agavaʻa muamua. O lona iʻuga, Medicaid auai faʻateleina faateleina i le va o le 2013 ma le 2017, mai 56,533,472 tagata i le 74,775,710. I le vaitaimi lena, o tau o le faʻatupeina o talavai a le polokalame na siitia e le $ 17 piliona foi. Peitai, o laʻasaga uma e lua na paʻu laʻititi i le 2018, o se atinaʻe na i ai nisi tagata atamamai uiga i le tamaoaiga tamaoaiga. A o maua e tagata faigaluega ni mea se tele, latou te sili atu i tupemaua thresholds mo Medicaid inisiua, faʻaititia le polokalama o taʻavale. O le isi mafuaʻaga o le faʻaititia o le auai atonu o ni galuega manaʻomia fou, lea na unaʻia e le pulega a le Trump le setete e faʻaoga i tausaga talu ai nei.

Tele o le atunuʻu sili ona lauiloa setete sa i ai le aofaʻiga sili ona tele na toe faʻatulagaina. O le mea moni, o eseesega i tau a le setete ma lea setete na matua tele lava: O Niu Ioka, Kalefonia, ma Texas na faaaluina sili atu nai lo isi 47 setete tuufaatasi i le vaitaimi na suesueina. Ae tusa ai ma tupe faʻaalu a Medicaid i le tagata taʻitoʻatasi, o Niu Ioka ma Kalefonia na i ai nisi o tau maualalo a le atunuʻu-e i lalo ifo o le 15 sene i le tagata e toatasi. I se faatusatusaga, o ni nai setete o Egelani Fou na foliga mai na sili atu le limafoai: Vermont, Maine, ma New Hampshire na totogiina le $ 3 i le resitara i le toe totogiina o tupe.
O se saoasaoa o tusitusiga mo sui o le Medicaid
Aʻo faʻateleina le lesitalaina o Medicaid i le va o le 2013 ma le 2017, o le aofaʻi o talavai na mauaina e ala i le Medicaid na faʻateleina foʻi. I nisi tulaga, o nei sailiga e faigofie: A o tele tagata auai i le polokalama, o le manaʻoga mo vailaʻau tuputupu ae tusa. Ae, setete faʻamatalaga faʻaopoopoina se vaega o le faigata i lenei faigofie faʻamaumauga. O nisi o nofoaga sili ona lauiloa a le atunuʻu, e aofia ai Kalefonia, Niu Ioka, Texas, ma Florida, e averesi i lalo ifo o le 0.3 talavai mo taʻitasi uma e lesitala. I le isi itu o le fusi o alaleo, Vermont's Medicaid polokalama aofia ai le lata i le ono talavai mo tagata uma e 1,000 na auai. O le a se mea e ono faʻamatalaina ai le tele o eseʻesega faʻafaafanua i manaʻoga faafomaʻi?

Tasi faʻamatalaga mo nei faʻatonuga faʻataʻitaʻi ono fesoʻotaʻi ma tausaga: Maine, New Hampshire, ma Vermont i ai i totonu o le sili ona leva le faitau aofai o tagata i le pasene o le aofaʻi o le faitau aofaʻi, o le averesi o tagata e ono manaʻomia nisi vailaʻau o se iʻuga. Ae i setete i itu uma e lua o le fasipepa faʻapitoa mo talavai taʻitasi, ua aloaia e le au faitulafono le aʻafiaga o tau o vailaʻau i latou polokalame Medicaid. I le 2018, Vermont avea ma uluaʻi setete ia faʻatulafonoina le faʻaulufaleina mai o vailaʻau talavai mai Kanata, faʻatau tupe taugofie i le isi itu o le tuaoi. I Kalefonia, na faatonuina ai e le Kovana Gavin Newsom ia Medicaid i fefaʻatauaʻi le faʻatulagaina o tau tuusao ma tagata gaosi vailaʻau i se tauofoga mo sili atu faaupuga.
Medicaid fualaʻau faʻasaina
Ole tele o vailaʻau e masani ona faʻatatau ile Medicaid enrollees e leʻi aveina le tau o le totogiina. Ae o le Ventolin HFA (albuterol), o se laveaʻi faʻaola sa faʻaaoga e togafitia ai le foma, faʻamalosia lenei tulaga: I le avea ai ma vailaʻau masani lava na faatonuina, e tusa ma le $ 10.5 piliona i tupe toe totogi. E tele foʻi fualaʻau fomaʻi e le lauiloa tele na faʻamaonia foi le taugata i le Medicaid, e aofia ai Fluticasone ma Symbicort. Nisi suʻesuʻega Faʻaalia ai o le foma e sili atu ona taatele i tamaiti ma tagata matutua o nonofo i fale maualalo tupe maua-ma Medicaid ua manino fuafuaina e tautuaina nei vaega.

E tolu fualaʻau ole maʻisuka e taugata ai foʻi polokalame Medicaid e ova atu ile $ 4 piliona ile totogiina. O lenei sailiga ono mafai foi ona atagia mai ai le soifua maloloina o tagata maualalo tupe maua Amerika, oe na sili mamao atu numera o maʻisuka nai lo isi vaega lautele. O Harvoni, o se vailaʻau ua faʻamaonia e togafitia ai le hepatitis C, e silia i le $ 5 piliona le aofaʻi o tupe na toe totogi. E popole tele le pulega o le Medicaid o le toe totogiina o vailaʻau e ono faamaonia le le gafataulimaina. O le averesi 12 vaiaso vasega o Harvoni tau $ 94,500 , se fua faatatau o le a avega tautupe setete Medicaid polokalama pe a fai uma enrollee ma le hepatitis C mauaina lenei togafitiga.
Maualuga totogi Medicaid toe totogiina tau
Mo ono vailaʻau, Medicaid reimbursement sili atu i le $ 1,000 i le fualaʻau averesi. O le tau e sili ona taugata o le Sinagis, e mafai ona fesoasoani e puipuia manava syncytial , o se tulaga masani i pepe ma matutua matutua. Epogen, o se togafitiga o le anemia, e $ 1,857 le tau i le fualaʻau - o se tau e sili atu ona maualalo pe a manatu i ai o le anemia e masani ona o se itu aafiaga o isi taugata togafitiga faʻafomaʻi, pei o chemotherapy. Lua vailaʻau faʻafomaʻi antipsychotic, Invega ma Risperdal, faʻamaonia foi sili ona taugata mo tui.

E pei ona talanoaina i luga, o Harvoni o se tasi o vailaʻau e sili ona taugata ile tui, e pei foi o isi togafitiga ole hepatitis C e tolu. Lua immunosuppressants, Humira ma Remicade, na faia foi lenei lisi (Humira mafai foi ona afaina ai ia lava, ono ono tuʻuina i lalo tau). I le taimi nei, o Mirena, o se masini eletise e fuafuaina e puipuia ai le maʻitaga, e $ 758 le averesi — e ui lava o lenei tau e ono paʻu ifo nai lo le tau faʻaputuputu o le fofoina o fualaʻau mo le taimi. Faʻamatalaga o faʻamatalaga a le Medicaid mo le puipuia o le fanau mai tumau finauga i nisi setete, ae fai mai le au fautua e faʻaititia le tau o polokalame ile taimi umi ile puipuia o maitaga e leʻi fuafuaina.
Faʻafanua vailaʻau
I le toetoe lava o setete uma, o vailaʻau faʻapitoa na ufiufi tele e le Medicaid. O le tele o taimi, o le le faʻatusatusaina o le faʻaaogaina o se vailaʻau faʻapitoa na mafua mai i le setete soifua maloloina taumafaiga. I Vermont, mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, talavai mo Suboxone e 805% maualuga atu nai lo le averesi a le atunuʻu: O le vailaʻau ua avea ma se vaega taua o lona hub ma tautala faʻataʻitaʻiga mo le togafitia o le faʻamoemoeina o le opioid. New Jersey, lea e i ai faʻamamafaina le teteʻeina o le maʻisuka e ala ile Medicaid, ufiufi alogliptin talavai toeititi iva taimi sili atu nai lo le fua faatatau o le atunuʻu. I isi tulaga, o faiga faʻavae a le setete e foliga mai e maua ai se faʻapitoa ituaiga o vailaʻau masani. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, Oklahoma, aofia ai le 562% sili atu Tamiflu talavai nai lo le averesi a le atunuʻu. Indiana, i le taimi lea, o le 738% sili atu ono aofia ai oseltamivir , le tutusa lautele.
O faʻatonuga faʻatonuina o isi setete ono ono faʻalauteleina popolega i luga o mafuaʻaga o le tagofia o vaisu, peitaʻi. I North Carolina, mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, Medicaid aofia ai 178% sili atu morphine talavai nai lo le averesi a le atunuʻu. Faʻapena foi, Louisiana's Medicaid polokalama ufiufi Soma, o se maso relant e mafai ona faʻasaua, 216% sili atu nai lo le averesi a le atunuʻu. I Kentucky, o talavai mo le benzodiazepine Ativan sa taatele. Tele tagata atamamai talitonu o lenei vasega o vailaʻau ono avea ma sui o le isi sili atu lamatiaga lautele soifua maloloina lautele, ma faatonuina fua faatatau faʻateleina tele i tausaga talu ai nei.
O le ulufale mai o Naloxone (Narcan) talavai
A o faʻaauau pea ona faʻatamaʻia e le atunuʻu Amerika faʻalavelave matuia, ua atili ai ona liliu le malo tele vailaʻau-fesoasoani togafitiga metotia o se auala e taofiofia ai soona inu. Ma e ui o nisi setete Medicaid polokalama e le tuʻusaʻo totogiina mo vailaʻau fuafuaina e togafitia tosoina opioid, o le tele o nofoaga ma le maualuga tele faʻasolo o tagata maliliu faia. O le Buprenorphine, o le vaega muamua lea i Suboxone, na toe totogi saʻo atu i le itu i matu o sasaʻe, Appalachia, ma lapopoʻa tetele o le Midwest-o itulagi na sili ona afaina i faaupuga taʻitasi per capita.

Methadone reimbursement sa fai si laʻititi masani nai lo le inisiua mo buprenorphine, e ui lava faailoa suesuega O vailaʻau uma e lua e aoga i le faʻaititia o le ova o le oti i tagata sa i ai muamua na faʻaogaina le opioid. Ae, o se isi vailaʻau ono faʻasaoina sili atu ola i tausaga talu ai: naloxone , o le opioid antagonist na faʻaaoga e toe sui ai overdosis. I le tala faasolopito, o le numera o naloxone talavai i Medicaid lesitala ua faʻateleina i le laʻasaga ma overdose maliu. Peitai, i le 2016, o le numera o naloxone talavai na ufiufi e Medicaid na paʻuʻu lava teisi, e oʻo lava i le ova o le maliu na oʻo i tulaga le mafaatusalia i lena tausaga. Lenei atinaʻe faʻafuaseʻi mafai ona i ai se faʻamatalaga faigofie: I nofoaga e pei o Pennsylvania, lea na sili ona tele le aofaʻi o le ova maliu maliu i le 2017, pulega ua amataina tufatufaina naloxone mo maua fua.
Amerika le soifua maloloina: O se tau maualuga e totogi
O a matou sailiga ua maua ai se eseʻesega eseʻesega i le faʻaaogaina o vailaʻau talavai i faʻamaumauga a le Medicaid i le salafa o le atunuʻu. I tulaga taʻitasi, o faʻatonuga eseese o faʻatonuga e ono afua mai i le anoanoaʻi o mea taua, e aofia ai le faʻamataʻu o le soifua maloloina faʻaitulagi, faʻagaioiga a le ofisa, ma le faitauga o tagata taʻitasi. Ae e ui lava o a tatou iʻuga e ono eseese lautele, lua autu taua faʻaauau pea ona aliaʻe.
Muamua, e leai se setete e puipuia mai le siʻitia o tau o vailaʻau, ae o nisi nofoaga e faʻapea o tau o talavai e matua faigata lava. Lona lua, o vailaʻau e sili ona taugata ma faʻatulagaina mea e manaʻomia - ae le o mea taugata - mo i latou e manaʻomia. Mo Medicaid lesitala ma isi uma Amerika, o nei feteʻenaʻi mea moni e matua taua tele e le amanaʻiaina.
A iai sau faʻamalumaluga o vailaʻau Medicaid ae o lau copay e maualuga tele pea, e mafai ona e suʻesuʻe SingleCare i taimi uma mo lau talavai. Nei na o ni nai afe o le afe ma afe o fualaʻau e mafai ona tatou ofa ai paʻu i luga:
- Amoxicillin
- Ibuprofen
- Albuterol
- Loratadine
- Ventolin HFA
- Lisinopril
- Omeprazole
- Azithromycin
- Fluticasone
- Cetirizine
- Metformin
- Gabapentin
- Amlodipine
- Levothyroxine
Metotia
O faʻamatalaga uma mo lenei poloketi na aumai mai le malo o Amerika Medicaid Setete Faʻaogaina o Fualaʻau Faʻamatalaga ala i le faʻaaogaina API. O faʻamatalaga na aoina aofia Ianuari 2009 ia Iulai.2018 (iʻuga o le Q2). Ole tele o ituaiga ole tutusa vailaʻau o loʻo tufatufaina ma faʻavasegaina e pei ose vaega eseʻese i faʻamatalaga a le Medicaid na faʻavasega (mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, Suboxone, Suboxone 1, Suboxone 2, Suboxone 4, Suboxone 8, ma Suboxone S na faʻaputu uma) Mo le 2018 faʻamaumauga na tuʻufaʻatasia (nai lo averesi), na matou saunia se vaʻaiga faʻatusatusa vaʻaia mo faʻaiuga mulimuli e faʻavae i luga o le talitonuina vaitaimi vaʻavaʻai. O faʻamatalaga mo le ata mulimuli (i luga o le opiate overdosis) na aumai mai le Nofoaga Autu mo le Faʻataʻitaʻi ma Faʻamaʻi (CDC) ma le National Institute on Drug Abuse.
Punavai
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